Evo kako su Stilovke izgledale kada su kupljene. Morale su popiti shmirglanje sa suvom shmirglom.


Zatim ide malo peglanja sa finijom smirglom... I rezultat, "bez po' muke" sa malo paste...


Boldovao sam ti bitne stvari...EGR VALVE
The EGR valve has no recommended replacement or inspection interval, but that does not mean it won't cause trouble. EGR reduces the formation of oxides of nitrogen by diluting the air/fuel mixture with exhaust. This lowers combustion temperatures to keep it under 2800 degree F so little NOX is formed (the higher the flame temperature, the higher the rate at which oxygen and nitrogen react to form NOX). As an added benefit, EGR also helps prevent detonation.
The heart of the system is the EGR valve. The valve opens a small passage between the intake and exhaust manifolds. When ported vacuum is applied to the EGR valve diaphragm, it opens the valve allowing intake vacuum to siphon exhaust into the intake manifold. This has a same effect as a vacuum leak, so EGR is only used when the engine is warm and running above idle speed.
Some vehicles have "positive backpressure" EGR valves while others have "negative backpressure" EGR valves. Both types rely on exhaust system backpressure to open the valve. But the two types are not interchangeable.
The vacuum control plumbing to the EGR valve usually includes a temperature vacuum switch (TVS) or solenoid to block or bleed vacuum until the engine warms up. On newer vehicles with computerized engine controls, the computer usually regulates the solenoid to further modify the opening of the EGR valve. Some vehicles even have an EGR valve that is driven by a small electric motor rather than being vacuum-actuated for even more precise control of this emission function.
EGR valves do not normally require maintenance, but can become clogged with carbon deposits that cause the valve to stick or prevent it from opening or closing properly. An EGR valve that is stuck open will act like a vacuum leak and cause a rough idle and stalling. An EGR valve that has failed, refuses to open (or the EGR passageway i the manifold is clogged) will allow elevated NOX emissions and may also cause a detonation (spark knock) problem. Dirty EGR valves can sometimes be cleaned, but if the valve itself is defective it must be replaced.
Sto se tehnickog tice, pred isti cu skinuti sondu i zavrnuti obican sraf ili cu probati da je sakrijem .[b][i]Izvor Wikipedia[/i][/b] napisao:An oxygen sensor, or lambda sensor, is an electronic device that measures the proportion of oxygen (O2) in the gas or liquid being analyzed.
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Automotive applications
Automotive oxygen sensors, colloquially known as O2 sensors, make modern electronic fuel injection and emission control possible. They help determine, in real time, if the air fuel ratio of a combustion engine is rich or lean. Since oxygen sensors are located in the exhaust stream, they do not directly measure the air or the fuel entering the engine. But when information from oxygen sensors are coupled with information from other sources, they can be used to indirectly determine the air-to-fuel ratio. Closed-loop feedback-controlled fuel injection varies the fuel injector output according to real-time sensor data rather than operating with a predetermined (open-loop) fuel map.
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Function of a lambda probe
Lambda probes are used to reduce vehicle emissions by ensuring that engines burn their fuel efficiently and cleanly. Robert Bosch GmbH introduced the first automotive lambda probe in 1976, and it was first used by Volvo and Saab in that year. The sensors were introduced in the US from about 1980, and were required on all models of cars in many countries in Europe in 1993.
By measuring the proportion of oxygen in the remaining exhaust gas, and by knowing the volume and temperature of the air entering the cylinders amongst other things, an ECU can use look-up tables to determine the amount of fuel required to burn at the stoichiometric ratio (14.7:1 air:fuel by mass for gasoline) to ensure complete combustion.